气室无磁加热结构研究进展与展望

碱金属气室是原子陀螺、原子磁强计和原子钟等原子测量仪器的核心部件.原子密度主要受加热温度的影响,高均匀性、高稳定性的气室加热结构是保证碱金属原子密度稳定的关键技术,对提升原子测量仪器输出信号的灵敏度至关重要.回顾了目前常用的碱金属气室加热方法,针对加热层、传热层、保温层等组件,梳理和总结了碱金属气室加热结构的发展方向和发展历程,并在此基础上展望了未来碱金属气室加热结构的发展趋势.     

中国空间探测领域40年发展

中国空间科学学会成立的40年，是中国空间探测逐渐走进世界舞台的40年，空间探测极大推动了空间科学和相邻学科的发展，也影响到经济、军事和日常生活诸多方面.本文简要回顾了从空间探测专业委员会成立的1980年至今，中国空间探测领域的主要发展历程，包括探空火箭、高空气球、科学卫星、月球与行星探测、载人航天空间探测、遥感卫星地面站等主要项目、进展和所取得的成果，对未来若干年空间探测的发展进行了展望.      

遥测天线升降机构谐振频率测试方法的研究

研究设计一套遥测天线升降机构谐振频率的测试方法。经测试,遥测天线升降机构不会与天线发生共振,遥测天线谐振频率约为18Hz,升降机构垂直方向的最低谐振频率为12.82Hz,侧向方向的最低谐振频率为25.64Hz,前后方向的最低谐振频率为38.46Hz。     

基于强化学习的在轨目标逼近

从强化学习的角度,对在轨目标逼近问题进行研究,设计了一种整合制导与控制的端到端的算法.首先对在轨目标逼近问题进行数学建模;然后对强化学习算法原理进行简介,根据问题特点分析不同强化学习框架的优劣,确定以DDPG作为算法框架,并设计了基于强化学习的在轨目标逼近算法;最后通过仿真验证,分析了基于强化学习逼近算法的优劣性.     

Facile Fabrication of Hierarchical Porous N/O Functionalized Carbon Derived from Blighted Grains Towards Electrochemical Capacitors

The hierarchical porous N/O co-functionalized carbon(HPNOC)was scalably prepared by using the lowcost and renewable blighted grains as the raw material coupled with mild KHCO_3 activation for electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The elemental N was in situ doped in the obtained HPNOC without any N-containing additives.Remarkably,the obtained HPNOC was endowed with a large specific surface area(about 2 624m~2·g~(-1)),high pore volume(about 1.35cm~3·g~(-1)),as well as high-content N/O functionalization(about 1.9%(in atom)N and about 10.2%(in atom)O.Furthermore,the as-resulted HPNOC electrode with a high mass loading of 5mg·cm~(-2 )exhibited competitive gravimetric capacitances of about 373.6F·g~(-1 )at 0.5A·g~(-1),and even about 260.4F·g~(-1 )at a high rate of 10A·g~(-1);superior capacitance retention of about 98.8%at 1A·g~(-1 )over 10 000consecutive cycles;and high specific energy of about 9.6W·h·kg~(-1 )at a power of 500W·kg~(-1),when evaluated as a promising electrode in 6mol KOH for advanced electrochemical supercapacitors.More encouragingly,the green synthetic strategy we developed holds a huge promise in generalizing for other biomass-derived carbon materials for versatile energy-related applications.     

Evaluation of a regional real-time precise positioning system based on GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia

The performance of real-time (RT) precise positioning can be improved by utilizing observations from multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) instead of one particular system. Since the end of 2012, BeiDou, independently established by China, began to provide operational services for users in the Asia-Pacific regions. In this study, a regional RT precise positioning system is developed to evaluate the performance of GPS/BeiDou observations in Australia in providing high precision positioning services for users. Fixing three hourly updated satellite orbits, RT correction messages are generated and broadcasted by processing RT observation/navigation data streams from the national network of GNSS Continuously Operating Reference Stations in Australia (AUSCORS) at the server side. At the user side, RT PPP is realized by processing RT data streams and the RT correction messages received. RT clock offsets, for which the accuracy reached 0.07 and 0.28?ns for GPS and BeiDou, respectively, can be determined. Based on these corrections, an accuracy of 12.2, 30.0 and 45.6?cm in the North, East and Up directions was achieved for the BeiDou-only solution after 30 min while the GPS-only solution reached 5.1, 15.3 and 15.5?cm for the same components at the same time. A further improvement of 43.7, 36.9 and 45.0 percent in the three directions, respectively, was achieved for the combined GPS/BeiDou solution. After the initialization process, the North, East and Up positioning accuracies were 5.2, 8.1 and 17.8?cm, respectively, for the BeiDou-only solution, while 1.5, 3.0, and 4.7?cm for the GPS-only solution. However, we only noticed a 20.9% improvement in the East direction was obtained for the GPS/BeiDou solution, while no improvements in the other directions were detected. It is expected that such improvements may become bigger with the increasing accuracy of the BeiDou-only solution.     

一种针对局部结构的有限元模型修正方法

针对实际结构有限元模型（FEM）的建模误差通常仅存在于局部区域，提出了一种对局部结构单独进行模型修正的方法。首先，根据频响函数（FRF）解耦理论得到由残余结构频响函数与包含待修正参数的局部结构动刚度所重构的整体结构频响函数的拟合值，然后通过迭代优化使其与测量值的残差最小化，从而得到参数的极大似然估计。在此基础上，将残差关于参数的灵敏度以局部结构动力学矩阵表示，建立了模型修正的基本方程，利用整体结构的测试数据即可直接对分离出来的局部结构进行模型修正。最后，对喷气式飞机和三角机翼飞机分别进行了数值模拟和实验研究，验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。结果表明，所提方法可以成功地用于仅局部区域含有建模误差的实际结构有限元模型的修正，修正后的有限元模型的动态特性与实际结构有较好的一致性。     

FET振荡器注入锁相伏特拉级数分析

应用伏特拉级数法分析了电容耦合ＦＥＴ振荡系统在外加信号下的注入锁定现象，推导出输出信号和注入锁定带宽表达式。与一般非线性系统分析方法相比，伏特拉级数法在建立好系统模型后只需进行代数运算，从而避开了求解非线性，非齐次高阶微分方程的复杂过程。     

横航向驾驶员诱发振荡研究及地面模拟验证

本文建立了包括非线性环节在内的横航向驾驶员—操纵系统—飞机本体组合系统的数学模型,采用闭环控制原理,对JJ-7飞机横航向驾驶员诱发振荡PIO问题进行了研究,并详细地讨论了驾驶员参数及其各种操纵动作、操纵系统和飞机本体气动参数对横航向PIO的影响,探讨了横航向PIO产生的机理。文中以JJ-7飞机为例,采用时域法在整个飞行包线各点进行了检查,并用固基飞行模拟器进行模拟验证。其结果与理论计算结果相一致。     

一种基于多点测距信息的复合制导方法

分析探讨了一种用于提高弹道式导弹对目标命中精度的复合制导方案，提出了通过进行多点测距，利用状态转移矩阵方法，来估计导弹落点偏差和末修级起控点飞行状态参数，然后再按照需要的速度进行末修级导引控制的复合制导方案，并通过仿真计算分析论证了该方法的可行性。